Research Highlight
Our laboratory has developed a bioinstructive 4D hydrogel that addresses a fundamental challenge in high-resolution bioprinting: maintaining structural precision during fabrication while providing a soft, biologically permissive environment for tissue development. By incorporating N-cadherin-mediated signaling and time-dependent mechanical properties, this platform enables the formation of complex, vascularized human tissue models. We demonstrate its versatility through the development of bioprinted retinal microvascular networks and pulmonary vascular–alveolar constructs, establishing a foundation for engineering increasingly sophisticated human tissue models.